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When output increases from 48,591 units (total cost $5.47 million) to 52,732 units (total cost $6.94 million), what is the marginal cost per additional unit within this range (rounded to 2 decimals)?

When output increases from 48,591 units (total cost $5.47 million) to 52,732 units (total cost $6.94...
Answer

Marginal cost over this range is the change in total cost divided by the change in quantity: $MC=\Delta TC/\Delta Q$. Here, $\Delta TC=\$6.94\text{ million}-\$5.47\text{ million}=\$1.47\text{ million}=\$1{,}470{,}000$ and $\Delta Q=52{,}732-48{,}591=4{,}141$. So $MC=1{,}470{,}000/4{,}141\approx \$354.99$ per unit.

Explanation

What the problem is asking

You are given two production levels and the total cost at each one. Over that output interval, marginal cost is approximated by the slope of the total cost function, meaning how much cost rises per extra unit produced.

Compute the change in cost and the change in output

Change in total cost: $$\Delta TC = 6.94\text{ million} - 5.47\text{ million} = 1.47\text{ million} = 1{,}470{,}000$$

Change in quantity: $$\Delta Q = 52{,}732 - 48{,}591 = 4{,}141$$

Calculate marginal cost (slope)

$$MC \approx \frac{\Delta TC}{\Delta Q} = \frac{1{,}470{,}000}{4{,}141} \approx 354.9867$$ Rounded to the second decimal place: $$MC \approx \$354.99 \text{ per unit}$$

Quick reasonableness check

An increase of about 4,141 units raising cost by $1.47 million implies a few hundred dollars per added unit, which matches the computed value.

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Skills You Achive
marginal analysis cost functions microeconomics rate of change

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