What is quantization of charge?
Quantization of charge means electric charge exists in discrete packets, not in a continuous range. Any observable charge on an object is an integer multiple of the elementary charge $e$, so $Q = ne$ where $n$ is an integer and $e = 1.602\times 10^{-19}\,\text{C}$.
What this idea is saying
If you try to add or remove electric charge from an object, you cannot do it in arbitrary tiny amounts. Charge comes in fixed โchunksโ because it is carried by particles like electrons and protons.
The quantization rule and value of the unit charge
The smallest magnitude of free charge you normally see is the elementary charge: $$e = 1.602\times 10^{-19}\,\text{C}$$ So the net charge on any isolated object must be $$Q = ne$$ where $n$ is an integer ($\ldots,-2,-1,0,1,2,\ldots$).
Why $n$ has to be an integer
Electrons carry charge $-e$ and protons carry charge $+e$. Since you gain or lose charge by gaining or losing whole electrons (or transferring whole ions), the net charge changes by whole multiples of $e$, not fractions like $0.3e$.
Quick example
If an object has an excess of $5$ electrons, then $$Q = -5e = -5(1.602\times 10^{-19}) \approx -8.01\times 10^{-19}\,\text{C}$$
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