In the charts 'Population by Racial Group' (Blacks 72%) and 'Share of National Income by Racial Group' (Whites 57%, British and Boers), what policy created this situation? A) Apartheid B) Pan-Africanism C) Communism D) Zionism

Reading what the charts are telling you

The charts show a clear mismatch: a large Black majority of the population (72%) but a majority share of national income going to Whites (57%). The question is asking which policy historically produced that kind of legally enforced racial inequality.

Why the correct choice is Apartheid

Apartheid was a state policy in South Africa that enforced racial segregation and limited where Black South Africans could live, work, own land, and access education.

Those laws helped keep most wealth, high-paying jobs, and business opportunities in the hands of the white minority (often identified in simplified terms as British and Boers/Afrikaners). So an income distribution heavily favoring Whites, despite being a smaller share of the population, matches apartheid.

Quick check of the other options

• B) Pan-Africanism: a political and cultural movement promoting African unity and liberation, not a system designed to concentrate income in a white minority.
• C) Communism: in theory aims at economic equality; it does not describe South Africa’s racial segregation system.
• D) Zionism: a movement connected to Jewish national self-determination, not the South African racial-income structure shown here.

Takeaway

When you see population majority vs income controlled by a racial minority in South Africa, the policy most directly linked to that pattern is apartheid.