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Which metal is a liquid at room temperature and, because it contracts and expands, can be used to measure temperature?
Answer
Mercury ($Hg$) is the metal that is liquid at room temperature. It expands when heated and contracts when cooled, which is why it has been used in thermometers to measure temperature.
Explanation
What the clue is pointing to
The question describes a metal that is liquid at room temperature and changes volume predictably with temperature. That is exactly the property needed for a liquid-in-glass thermometer.
Matching the description to a metal
- Most metals are solid at room temperature.
- Mercury is unusual because it is a metal that remains liquid at room temperature.
- Mercury’s volume increases when temperature rises and decreases when temperature falls.
Why it works in thermometers
In a glass thermometer, a column of mercury moves up or down a narrow tube as its volume changes. That movement can be calibrated to show the temperature.
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Skills You Achive
chemical elements
properties of metals
thermal expansion
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