Which polymer is the cell wall of a plant cell made of?
The plant cell wall is made primarily of the polymer cellulose. Cellulose is a polysaccharide made of long chains of $\beta$-glucose that bundle into strong microfibrils, giving the wall rigidity and support.
What the question is really asking
You are being asked to name the main structural polymer that gives plant cell walls their strength and shape.
The correct polymer in plant cell walls
The key polymer is cellulose. It is a carbohydrate polymer (a polysaccharide) built from many glucose monomers.
Why cellulose works as a building material
Cellulose is made of repeating $\beta$-glucose units linked by $\beta(1\to4)$ glycosidic bonds. Straight cellulose chains line up and hydrogen-bond to each other, forming microfibrils. Those microfibrils act like reinforcing fibers, which is why plant cell walls are tough.
Related materials (but not the main answer)
Plant cell walls can also contain hemicellulose, pectin, and sometimes lignin (especially in woody tissue), but the primary polymer asked for in basic biology is cellulose.
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